要点总结
DCF is an absolute stock valuation method — it estimates intrinsic value independent of market sentiment. EV/EBITDA is a relative stock valuation method — it values a company based on what comparable companies trade at. DCF requires more assumptions but is more fundamentally rigorous; EV/EBITDA is faster but anchored to market prices.
| 功能特性 | DCF Analysis | EV/EBITDA Multiple |
|---|---|---|
| Stock Valuation Type | Absolute (intrinsic value) | Relative (market-based multiple) |
| Independence from Market | High — driven by fundamentals | Low — anchored to peer multiples |
| Inputs Required | FCF, growth rate, WACC, terminal value | EBITDA and comparable company multiples |
| Time Horizon | Explicitly multi-year | Point-in-time snapshot |
| Used As Terminal Value | N/A (DCF is the primary model) | Yes — common exit multiple in DCF terminal value |
| Accounts for Capital Structure | Yes — via WACC and enterprise value | Partially — uses EV, but multiple is market-set |
| Stock Valuation Accuracy | High with good assumptions | Reflects market mispricing if sector is expensive |
| Speed | Slower — requires FCF forecasts | Fast — apply one multiple to EBITDA |
Use DCF stock valuation when you want to estimate intrinsic value based on your own assumptions, independent of what the market currently prices in.
Use EV/EBITDA as a quick screening tool or as the exit multiple in the terminal value stage of a DCF stock valuation model.
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